If you are booting the Debian installer over the network, that will not include all the firmware packages in the initramfs. There are a small number of cases where Debian can't do this, typically because of not being allowed to distribute the needed firmware binaries. The system should automatically detect, load and install the firmware available for your devices, where possible. If you only had the non-free component enabled on your system to allow you to install firmware, you can safely remove that now.ĭebian's installation and live images now include all of those firmware packages. If you're upgrading from an older release of Debian and you need these firmware binaries, you should update the apt sources.list on your system to use this new component. Using non-free firmware on a Debian systemįor Debian 12 onwards, all the packaged non-free firmware binaries that Debian can distribute have been moved to a new component in the Debian archive, called non-free-firmware. Historically, firmware would be built into the device's ROM or Flash memory, but more and more often, a firmware image has to be loaded into the device RAM by a device driver during device initialisation.Ī few firmware images are Free Software and Open Source but unfortunately almost all of them are non-free, which means that Debian cannot include them as normal in the archive under main or contrib. Many devices require firmware to operate. Typically, the term firmware deals with low-level operations in a device, without which the device would be completely non-functional (read more on Wikipedia). Well-defined boundaries between firmware and software do not exist, as both terms cover some of the same code. Debian 7 "Wheezy", Debian 6.0 "Squeeze"įirmware refers to embedded software which controls electronic devices.
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